If you’re interested in setting up an aquaponics system, it’s important to know which plants are suitable for this type of cultivation. In this comprehensive guide, you’ll find a complete list of aquaponics plants that thrive in this unique growing environment. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced aquaponics enthusiast, this list will help you choose the perfect plants for your system.

Guidelines for Selecting Ideal Plants in Aquaponics

Choosing the right plants for your aquaponics system can significantly influence the system’s productivity and efficiency. Here are some guidelines to keep in mind while selecting ideal plants for your aquaponics setup:

1. Match Plant Needs to Fish Waste Production: Different fish species produce varying amounts of waste. Similarly, different plants have different nutrient needs. You should aim to balance these two aspects. Leafy greens like lettuce and spinach require less nutrients and are a good match for systems with smaller fish populations. Fruit-bearing plants like tomatoes or cucumbers require more nutrients, so they’re a better fit for systems with larger or more waste-producing fish populations.

2. Consider the Water Temperature: The water temperature in your aquaponics system is largely determined by the fish species you keep. Certain plants will thrive in warmer water (e.g., basil, tomatoes), while others prefer cooler conditions (e.g., lettuce, kale). Choose plants that will thrive in the same water temperature as your fish.

3. Evaluate Growth Times: Select a mix of plants that have similar growth rates. This way, you can harvest and replant your grow beds at the same time, which is more efficient.

4. Plant Compatibility: Some plants may not be compatible with each other due to different nutrient needs, growth habits, or susceptibility to pests and diseases. Be sure to research and choose plants that can coexist without negatively affecting each other.

5. Personal Preference & Market Demand: Lastly, consider what plants you and your family enjoy eating, or if you’re selling the produce, what’s in demand in your local market. There’s no point in growing a plant that won’t get used.

By considering these guidelines when selecting plants, you can create a balanced, efficient, and productive aquaponics system. Happy planting!

Best Plants for Aquaponics

Leafy Greens: Lettuce, spinach, kale, Swiss chard, and bok choy.

Leafy greens are some of the most popular and successful plants to grow in aquaponics systems. Lettuce, spinach, kale, Swiss chard, and bok choy are all excellent choices for your aquaponics garden. These plants thrive in the nutrient-rich water and can be harvested multiple times throughout the growing season. They are also relatively easy to grow and require minimal maintenance. Whether you’re looking to add some fresh greens to your salads or want to experiment with different varieties, leafy greens are a great option for your aquaponics system.

Herbs: Basil, mint, parsley, cilantro, and dill.

In addition to leafy greens, herbs are another great option for your aquaponics system. Basil, mint, parsley, cilantro, and dill are all herbs that can thrive in the nutrient-rich water of your aquaponics garden. These herbs not only add flavor to your dishes but also provide a beautiful aroma to your space. They are relatively low-maintenance and can be harvested as needed for your culinary creations. Whether you’re a fan of Italian cuisine and want fresh basil for your pasta dishes or enjoy a refreshing mint tea, growing herbs in your aquaponics system is a fantastic choice.

Tomatoes: Cherry tomatoes, beefsteak tomatoes, and heirloom tomatoes.

Tomatoes are a popular choice for aquaponics systems due to their versatility and delicious taste. Cherry tomatoes, with their small size and sweet flavor, are perfect for snacking or adding to salads. Beefsteak tomatoes, known for their large size and juicy flesh, are great for slicing and using in sandwiches or burgers. Heirloom tomatoes, with their unique colors and flavors, add a touch of variety to your aquaponics garden. Whether you prefer the classic red tomatoes or want to experiment with different varieties, growing tomatoes in your aquaponics system is a rewarding experience.

Cucumbers: English cucumbers and pickling cucumbers.

Cucumbers are another popular choice for aquaponics systems. English cucumbers are long and slender with a mild, refreshing taste. They are great for slicing and adding to salads or sandwiches. Pickling cucumbers, on the other hand, are smaller and have a slightly tangy flavor. They are perfect for making pickles or adding to relishes. Both types of cucumbers thrive in aquaponics systems and can be a delicious addition to your garden.

Peppers: Bell peppers, jalapenos, and chili peppers.

Peppers are a versatile and popular choice for aquaponics systems. Bell peppers come in a variety of colors, including green, red, yellow, and orange. They have a sweet and crisp flavor, making them perfect for salads, stir-fries, and stuffing. Jalapenos are known for their spicy kick and are commonly used in Mexican cuisine. They can be added to salsas, nachos, and other dishes for a fiery flavor. Chili peppers, such as habaneros or serranos, are even hotter and can add a bold and intense heat to your meals. Whether you prefer mild or spicy, peppers are a great addition to any aquaponics garden.

How to Plant Successfully in an Aquaponics System

Planting in an aquaponics system might seem daunting at first, but with a few helpful guidelines, it can become a straightforward process. Here’s how to plant successfully in your aquaponics setup:

1. Select the Right Plants: As previously mentioned, some plants are better suited to aquaponic systems than others. Start with hardy, water-loving plants like lettuce, kale, or basil, especially if you are new to aquaponics.

2. Choose the Correct Growing Medium: Unlike traditional soil-based gardens, aquaponics systems use different growing mediums to support plant roots and facilitate nutrient uptake. Good options include expanded clay pebbles, coconut coir, and rockwool.

3. Prepare Your Seeds/Seedlings: You can start plants from seeds or seedlings. If you’re using seeds, place them in a seedling starter plug or directly in the growing medium, and keep them moist until they germinate. If you’re using seedlings, gently clean the roots from any remaining soil before planting them in the aquaponic grow bed.

4. Plant at the Right Depth: The planting depth varies depending on the plant type and the growing medium. A general rule of thumb is to plant the seed or seedling as deep as its height.

5. Space Your Plants Properly: Overcrowding can lead to competition for nutrients and light, reducing overall plant health and yield. Be sure to follow recommended spacing guidelines for each plant type.

6. Monitor Your Plants: Keep an eye on your plants and the system’s water chemistry. Ensure that your plants are getting enough nutrients but are not overfed. Watch out for signs of nutrient deficiencies, pests, or diseases.

7. Adjust as Needed: If you notice a problem, take corrective action as soon as possible. This might mean adjusting the water pH, nutrient levels, or light exposure, or managing pests and diseases.

With these steps in mind, planting in an aquaponics system can be a rewarding experience that produces bountiful, healthy harvests. Happy planting!

Tips for Planting in Aquaponics

When starting an aquaponics system in a new grow bed, it is recommended to plant seedlings instead of seeds. By using seedlings, the plants can immediately begin extracting the necessary nutrients from the system.

Before planting, it is recommended to soak the seedlings in a mixture of water and liquid seaweed. This helps reduce stress on the plants during the transfer process and allows them to adapt to their new environment more easily.

After washing the seedlings in the solution to remove any soil from the roots, they can be planted in net cups and placed in the grow bed.

When setting up your aquaponics system, it is crucial to plan your plantings strategically to ensure a continuous harvest. One effective method is to plant fast-growing plants alongside slower-growing ones.

This way, when the fast growers are ready for harvest, you still have other plants in the grow bed absorbing nutrients from the water. Additionally, if you intend to grow multiple plants of the same vegetable, stagger their growing periods to achieve a staggered harvest. This ensures a steady supply of fresh produce throughout the year.

Growing Requirements to Some of the Best Plants for Aquaponics:

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

pH Level: Lettuce prefers a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Regular testing and adjustments of the water pH level in the aquaponics system can help maintain this range.
Temperature: Lettuce is a cool-season crop and does best with temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C). Lettuce can tolerate cooler temperatures, but growth may slow.
Lighting: Lettuce needs about 10-14 hours of light per day for optimal growth. This can be provided by natural sunlight if your system is outdoors, or by full-spectrum grow lights in an indoor system.
Nutrient Requirements: Lettuce has a medium nutrient requirement, with a particular need for nitrogen to support leaf growth. Regular testing of nutrient levels in your aquaponics system can help ensure your lettuce plants are getting what they need.
Spacing: Lettuce plants should be spaced about 8-10 inches apart. This allows enough space for the plants to grow and ensures adequate airflow to prevent disease.
Growth Time: Lettuce grows relatively quickly in an aquaponics system, often ready to harvest in as little as 4-6 weeks after planting.

Remember, successful lettuce growth in an aquaponics system also depends on the balance of the entire system, including the health and well-being of your fish.

Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

pH Level: Basil generally prefers a pH range between 5.5 and 6.5 in an aquaponic system. It’s essential to regularly test and adjust the water pH level in the system to ensure optimal growth.
Temperature: Basil is a warm-season herb that thrives in temperatures between 75-85°F (24-29°C). It is sensitive to cold temperatures and frost.
Lighting: Like most herbs, basil requires a good amount of light. Ideally, it needs about 10-12 hours of light per day. This can be from natural sunlight or from full-spectrum grow lights in an indoor system.
Nutrient Requirements: Basil has a medium to high nutrient requirement. It requires ample nitrogen to support leafy growth, along with other essential nutrients commonly found in the waste produced by fish in an aquaponics system.
Spacing: When planting basil in an aquaponics system, aim for a spacing of about 10-12 inches between plants. This gives each plant enough room to grow and ensures good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases.
Growth Time: Basil grows relatively quickly in an aquaponics system. You can start harvesting leaves as soon as the plants have become well established, usually in about 4-6 weeks.

As always, maintaining the overall balance of the aquaponics system, including the health of your fish, is crucial for the successful growth of basil or any other plants in the system.

Kale (Brassica oleracea)

pH Level: Kale prefers a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5 in an aquaponics system. Regular testing and adjustment of the water pH will help keep it in this optimal range.
Temperature: Kale is a cool-season crop, thriving in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C), although it can tolerate a range from 40-85°F (4-29°C). It is one of the few leafy greens that can handle frost, which can actually enhance its flavor.
Lighting: Kale, like most plants, requires plenty of light for photosynthesis. It needs about 10-12 hours of light per day, which can be provided by either natural sunlight or full-spectrum grow lights for indoor systems.
Nutrient Requirements: Kale requires a medium level of nutrients. It particularly benefits from nitrogen for leaf development and potassium for overall health and vigor.
Spacing: Kale should be spaced about 8-12 inches apart to allow for mature growth and to ensure adequate airflow, which can help prevent disease.
Growth Time: Kale is a relatively quick-growing plant, and in ideal conditions, it can be ready to harvest in about 2 months. You can harvest individual leaves as needed, or the entire plant once it reaches maturity.

As always, the success of growing kale in an aquaponics system largely depends on the overall balance and health of the system, including the fish.

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

pH Level: Cabbage typically prefers a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0 in an aquaponics system. Regular monitoring and adjustment of the water pH level in the system are required to maintain this range.
Temperature: Cabbage is a cool-season crop, doing well in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C). It can tolerate lower temperatures, but growth may slow in the heat.
Lighting: Like many other leafy green vegetables, cabbage requires a good amount of light, ideally about 6-8 hours per day. This can be from natural sunlight if the system is outdoors or from full-spectrum grow lights for an indoor system.
Nutrient Requirements: Cabbage requires a high level of nutrients, particularly nitrogen to support leaf development and growth. Regular testing of nutrient levels in your aquaponics system will help ensure your cabbage plants are getting what they need.
Spacing: Cabbage plants can become quite large, so they need a lot of space to grow. Space them about 12-24 inches apart to prevent overcrowding.
Growth Time: Cabbage is a bit slower to mature than some other greens, typically ready to harvest in about 11-15 weeks after planting.

Remember, maintaining a balanced aquaponics system, including the health of your fish, is key for successfully growing cabbage or any other plants in the system.

Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)

pH Level: Swiss chard grows well in a pH range between 6.0 and 7.0. It’s important to test the water in your aquaponics system regularly and adjust its pH to ensure optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Swiss chard is a cool-season crop that prefers temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C). However, it can tolerate a wider range of temperatures, making it versatile for different growing conditions.
Lighting: Swiss chard requires around 10-12 hours of light per day for optimal growth. Natural sunlight works well for outdoor systems, but indoor systems will require full-spectrum grow lights.
Nutrient Requirements: Swiss chard has a medium to high nutrient requirement. It especially needs a good supply of nitrogen for its leafy growth.
Spacing: Swiss chard plants should be spaced about 8-12 inches apart. This ensures that each plant has enough space to grow and helps prevent the spread of diseases.
Growth Time: Swiss chard grows relatively quickly in an aquaponics system, typically being ready for harvest within 8-12 weeks of planting.

As always, ensuring the overall health of your aquaponics system, including the well-being of the fish, is vital for the successful growth of Swiss chard or any other plant species you choose to cultivate.

Bok Choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis)

pH Level: Bok Choy grows best in a pH range between 6.0 and 7.5. Regular monitoring and adjusting of the water’s pH level in the aquaponics system will help ensure optimal growth conditions.
Temperature: Bok Choy is a cool-season vegetable that prefers temperatures between 55-70°F (13-21°C). However, it can tolerate a slightly broader range of temperatures.
Lighting: Bok Choy requires about 4-5 hours of sunlight per day, making it a great choice for systems with partial shade. If you’re growing indoors under artificial lighting, adjust your setup to match these light requirements.
Nutrient Requirements: Bok Choy has a medium nutrient requirement. Nitrogen is particularly important for the development of the plant’s leafy green parts.
Spacing: Bok Choy should be spaced approximately 6-10 inches apart to provide each plant with sufficient space to grow and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Bok Choy is a fast-growing plant. In an aquaponics system, it is typically ready for harvest within 4-6 weeks of planting.

Mint (Mentha spp.)

pH Level: Mint prefers a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the pH level in the water to create optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Mint is a hardy perennial herb that thrives in a temperature range of 55-70°F (13-21°C), though it can tolerate a broader range.
Lighting: Mint prefers full to partial sunlight, requiring about 4-6 hours of light per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Mint has a medium nutrient requirement, with an emphasis on nitrogen to support its vigorous leaf production.
Spacing: Mint plants are known to spread aggressively, so they should be given ample space to grow. Aim for a spacing of about 12-18 inches between plants.
Growth Time: Mint grows relatively fast in an aquaponics system. It will often be ready for its first harvest within 1-2 months of planting.

Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)

pH Level: Watercress thrives in a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5 in an aquaponic system. Regular monitoring and adjustments of the water’s pH level will maintain this optimal range.
Temperature: Watercress prefers cooler temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C), though it can tolerate a wider range.
Lighting: Watercress requires about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. If growing indoors, artificial grow lights can meet this requirement.
Nutrient Requirements: Watercress has high nutrient requirements, particularly nitrogen to support its lush, leafy growth. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Due to its sprawling growth habit, watercress should be given plenty of space. Aim for a spacing of about 8-10 inches between plants.
Growth Time: Watercress grows fairly rapidly and can often be ready to harvest as early as 4-6 weeks after planting.

Arugula (Eruca vesicaria)

pH Level: Arugula prefers a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain this optimal growth condition.
Temperature: Arugula is a cool-weather crop that thrives in temperatures between 45-65°F (7-18°C). While it can tolerate slight frost, arugula doesn’t do well in hot weather.
Lighting: Arugula requires full sun to partial shade, which translates to approximately 6 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Arugula has a medium to high nutrient requirement, particularly nitrogen for leaf development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Arugula plants should be spaced about 4-6 inches apart as they don’t grow very large and this spacing helps to prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Arugula is a fast grower, often ready for harvest just 4-6 weeks after planting. It’s typically harvested as young leaves for a less spicy flavor.

As always, maintaining a balanced aquaponics system, which includes taking care of the fish, is essential for successfully growing arugula or any other plants in your system.

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

pH Level: Spinach prefers a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain this optimal range for growth.
Temperature: Spinach is a cool-season crop that thrives in temperatures between 35-75°F (1.6-24°C). While it can tolerate frost, spinach doesn’t do well in hot weather.
Lighting: Spinach requires full sun to partial shade, which translates to approximately 4-6 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Spinach has a high nutrient requirement, particularly nitrogen and calcium. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Spinach plants should be spaced about 6 inches apart, allowing enough space for the leaves to spread and helping to prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Spinach is a relatively quick grower and can often be ready for harvest just 4-6 weeks after planting.

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)

pH Level: Parsley prefers a pH range of 5.5 to 6.7 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Parsley is a cool-weather crop that thrives in temperatures between 50-85°F (10-29°C). It can tolerate both cooler and warmer temperatures to some extent.
Lighting: Parsley requires full sun to partial shade, which translates to about 6 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Parsley has a medium to high nutrient requirement, particularly nitrogen for healthy leaf development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Parsley plants should be spaced about 8-10 inches apart to allow enough space for the plants to bush out and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Parsley is somewhat slow to germinate and grow. It’s often ready for harvest 9-10 weeks after planting.

Dill (Anethum graveolens)

pH Level: Dill prefers a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Dill is a hardy, cool-season crop that grows best in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C), but it can tolerate a wider range.
Lighting: Dill requires full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Dill has a medium nutrient requirement, especially needing plenty of nitrogen to support leaf and stem growth.
Spacing: Dill plants should be spaced about 12-18 inches apart to allow enough space for the plants to bush out and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Dill grows relatively quickly, and you can often start harvesting leaves within 8 weeks after planting. For seeds, you’ll need to wait a bit longer, until the flowers have finished blooming and seeds have formed.

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)

pH Level: Strawberries prefer a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Strawberries are cool-season crops that do best in temperatures between 60-80°F (15-27°C), but they can tolerate a wider range.
Lighting: Strawberries require full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Strawberries have high nutrient requirements, particularly potassium and calcium for fruit development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Strawberry plants should be spaced about 12-18 inches apart to allow for runner production and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Strawberries are perennials, meaning they’ll continue to grow and produce fruit year after year. For the first harvest, it can take 4-6 weeks after the blossoms have been pollinated.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

pH Level: Tomatoes prefer a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Tomatoes are warm-season crops that do best in temperatures between 65-85°F (18-29°C). They do not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Tomatoes require full sun, which translates to about 8-10 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Tomatoes have high nutrient requirements, particularly phosphorus and potassium for fruit development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Tomato plants should be spaced about 24-36 inches apart to allow for their large size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, tomatoes can take 60-100 days from planting to harvest.

Sage (Salvia officinalis)

pH Level: Sage prefers a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Sage is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, but it performs best in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C).
Lighting: Sage requires full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Sage has moderate nutrient requirements, with a particular need for nitrogen to support leaf growth.
Spacing: Sage plants should be spaced about 24 inches apart to allow for their large size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Sage is a perennial plant that can take 75-80 days from planting to first harvest. It will continue to produce leaves for several years if properly cared for.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

pH Level: Ginger prefers a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Ginger is a tropical plant and does best in warm temperatures between 75-85°F (24-29°C). It does not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Ginger requires partial to full sun, which translates to about 5-6 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Ginger has moderate nutrient requirements, particularly phosphorus and potassium for root development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Ginger plants should be spaced about 12-15 inches apart to allow for growth and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Ginger is a slow-growing plant, taking 8-10 months to mature. The rhizomes can be harvested once the plant begins to die back.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena)

pH Level: Eggplants prefer a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Eggplants are warm-season crops that do best in temperatures between 70-85°F (21-29°C). They do not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Eggplants require full sun, which translates to about 8-10 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Eggplants have high nutrient requirements, particularly phosphorus and potassium for fruit development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Eggplant plants should be spaced about 24-36 inches apart to allow for their large size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, eggplants can take 100-120 days from planting to harvest.

Beans (Phaseolus spp.)

pH Level: Beans prefer a pH range of 6.0 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Beans are warm-season crops that do best in temperatures between 60-85°F (15-29°C). They do not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Beans require full sun, which translates to about 8-10 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Beans have moderate nutrient requirements, with a need for phosphorus and potassium for pod development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Bean plants should be spaced about 6 inches apart for bush varieties and 8-10 inches apart for pole varieties. This spacing allows for air circulation and prevents disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, beans can take 50-60 days from planting to harvest.

Chilli (Capsicum annuum)

pH Level: Chillies prefer a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Chillies are warm-season crops that do best in temperatures between 70-85°F (21-29°C). They do not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Chillies require full sun, which translates to about 8-10 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Chillies have high nutrient requirements, particularly phosphorus and potassium for fruit development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Chilli plants should be spaced about 18-24 inches apart to allow for their size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, chillies can take 60-150 days from planting to first harvest.

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

pH Level: Okra prefers a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Okra is a warm-season crop that does best in temperatures between 75-95°F (24-35°C). It does not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Okra requires full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Okra has moderate nutrient requirements, with a need for phosphorus and potassium for pod development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Okra plants should be spaced about 12-18 inches apart to allow for their size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, okra can take 50-65 days from planting to harvest.

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

pH Level: Cucumbers prefer a pH range of 5.5 to 6.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Cucumbers are warm-season crops that do best in temperatures between 60-90°F (15-32°C). They do not tolerate frost.
Lighting: Cucumbers require full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Cucumbers have high nutrient requirements, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for vine and fruit development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Cucumber plants should be spaced about 18-36 inches apart to allow for their size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, cucumbers can take 50-70 days from planting to harvest.

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

pH Level: Broccoli prefers a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Broccoli is a cool-season crop that does best in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C), with young plants able to tolerate frost.
Lighting: Broccoli requires full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Broccoli has high nutrient requirements, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for head development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Broccoli plants should be spaced about 18-24 inches apart to allow for their size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, broccoli can take 100-150 days from planting to harvest.

Peas (Pisum sativum)

pH Level: Peas prefer a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Peas are cool-season crops that do best in temperatures between 55-70°F (13-21°C). Young pea plants can tolerate light frost.
Lighting: Peas require full sun to partial shade, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Peas have moderate nutrient requirements, with a need for phosphorus and potassium for pod development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Pea plants should be spaced about 1-3 inches apart for vining varieties and 4-6 inches apart for bush varieties. This spacing allows for air circulation and prevents disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, peas can take 60-70 days from planting to harvest.

Banana (Musa spp.)

pH Level: Bananas prefer a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Bananas are tropical plants that do best in temperatures above 60°F (15°C). They cannot tolerate frost and prefer consistently warm temperatures.
Lighting: Bananas require full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Bananas have high nutrient requirements, especially potassium, which is crucial for fruit development. They also require good amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Banana plants should be spaced about 8-10 feet apart to allow for their size and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, bananas can take 9-12 months from planting to harvest.

Please note that growing bananas in an aquaponic system can be challenging due to their size and high nutrient demands. However, with careful planning and management, it is possible. As with any plant in an aquaponic system, maintaining a balanced environment, which includes caring for your fish, is crucial for successfully growing bananas.

Carrots (Daucus carota)

pH Level: Carrots prefer a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Carrots are cool-season crops that do best in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C). They can tolerate frost, and actually, some frost can improve the flavor of carrots.
Lighting: Carrots require full sun to partial shade, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Carrots have moderate nutrient requirements, with a need for phosphorus for root development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Carrot plants should be spaced about 2-3 inches apart to allow for root development and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, carrots can take 50-75 days from planting to harvest.

Radish (Raphanus sativus)

pH Level: Radishes prefer a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Radishes are cool-season crops that do best in temperatures between 50-65°F (10-18°C). They can tolerate frost and actually prefer cooler weather.
Lighting: Radishes require full sun to partial shade, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Radishes have moderate nutrient requirements, with a need for potassium and phosphorus for root development. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed.
Spacing: Radish plants should be spaced about 2-3 inches apart to allow for root development and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Depending on the variety, radishes can take 20-30 days from planting to harvest, making them one of the fastest-growing vegetables.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)

pH Level: Rosemary prefers a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Rosemary is a hardy plant that prefers temperatures between 60-80°F (15-27°C). It can tolerate colder temperatures but should be protected from extreme cold or frost.
Lighting: Rosemary requires full sun, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Rosemary has moderate nutrient requirements. Regular checks of nutrient levels are needed, but be careful not to overfeed, as rosemary doesn’t like overly fertile soil or, in this case, water.
Spacing: Rosemary plants should be spaced about 2-3 feet apart to allow for plant growth and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Rosemary is a perennial plant that can continue to grow for several years. However, it can take 14-21 days for rosemary to germinate and about 3-4 months to become fully established.

Chives (Allium schoenoprasum)

pH Level: Chives prefer a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 in an aquaponic system. Regularly monitor and adjust the water’s pH to maintain these optimal conditions for growth.
Temperature: Chives can tolerate a wide range of temperatures but do best in temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C). They are hardy plants and can tolerate frost.
Lighting: Chives require full sun to partial shade, which translates to about 6-8 hours of sunlight per day. For indoor systems, artificial grow lights can provide the necessary light.
Nutrient Requirements: Chives have moderate nutrient requirements. They need a balanced nutrient solution for healthy growth, particularly rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Spacing: Chive plants should be spaced about 8-10 inches apart to allow for plant growth and to help prevent disease spread.
Growth Time: Chives are a perennial plant that will continue to grow for several years. They can be harvested as soon as the leaves are long enough to clip, usually within 60 days from planting.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the world of aquaponics offers a diverse array of plants that can be cultivated successfully in an aquaponic system. From leafy greens such as lettuce, kale, and swiss chard to herbs like basil, mint, and parsley, and even to some fruits and vegetables like strawberries, tomatoes, and beans, there is a wealth of options available for the aspiring aquaponic gardener.

This guide has provided an in-depth look into the specific requirements of various plants, from their preferred pH levels to temperature ranges, lighting needs, nutrient requirements, and growth timelines. Each plant has its unique set of needs, and it’s crucial to take these into consideration when planning and maintaining your aquaponic system.

With this information at hand, you’re now equipped with the knowledge to choose the best plants that align with your climate, your system’s capabilities, and your dietary preferences. Remember, aquaponics is not just about combining fish and plant production; it’s about creating a sustainable, balanced ecosystem where both can thrive. Happy gardening!

The Ultimate Guide to Aquaponics Plants: The Complete List